Secrets of the ER: Physician Stories From Prešeren Square
The physicians in Dr. Kolbaba's book represent a paradigm shift in how the medical profession relates to faith. Rather than treating spiritual belief as irrelevant to clinical practice or as a potential obstacle to compliance, these physicians describe faith as an active participant in the healing process — a factor that interacts with biology, psychology, and social support in ways that medicine is only beginning to understand. For the medical community in Prešeren Square, this reframing is both liberating and overdue.
Ghost Traditions and Supernatural Beliefs in Slovenia
Slovenia's ghost traditions blend Central European, Alpine, and South Slavic elements, reflecting the country's position at the cultural crossroads of Germanic, Romance, and Slavic worlds. Slovenian folk belief features a rich array of supernatural beings, many tied to the dramatic Alpine and karst landscapes. The "povodni mož" (water man) is a dangerous aquatic spirit who lurks in rivers and lakes, pulling the unwary to their deaths — a tradition particularly associated with the Ljubljanica River and Lake Bled. The "kresnik" is a uniquely Slovenian supernatural figure: a hero born with a caul who battles evil spirits ("vedomci") in trance states to protect crops and communities, combining Slavic folk belief with elements of shamanic tradition.
Slovenian ghost lore ("duhovi") includes traditions of the dead returning during specific calendar periods, particularly around All Saints' Day and during the "kvatrne noči" (Ember nights) — the vigils of the four Ember Days of the liturgical calendar. The karst landscape of southwestern Slovenia, with its underground caves, sinkholes, and vanishing rivers, generates specific supernatural traditions: the caves are seen as entrances to the underworld, and the Postojna Cave system, one of the world's largest, carries legends of dragons and subterranean spirits dating back centuries. The cave-dwelling olm (Proteus anguinus), a blind, pale amphibian endemic to the Dinaric karst, was historically believed to be a baby dragon, connecting the biological and supernatural in Slovenian folk imagination.
The Slovenian tradition of the "pehtra" or "Perchta" — a fearsome female figure associated with the winter solstice who punishes laziness and rewards diligence — connects Slovenian folk belief to the broader Alpine tradition of Perchten and Krampus runs.
Near-Death Experience Research in Slovenia
Slovenia's engagement with consciousness and near-death research reflects its Central European intellectual tradition and its unique folk beliefs about spiritual journeys. The Slovenian kresnik tradition — in which gifted individuals battle evil spirits in trance states, experiencing out-of-body journeys to protect the community — represents a folk parallel to NDE phenomenology that has attracted the attention of ethnographers and anthropologists. Slovenian psychologists and physicians at the University of Ljubljana have contributed to Central European discussions on consciousness and end-of-life experiences. Slovenia's cultural tradition of perceiving the karst landscape — with its underground rivers, caves, and vanishing lakes — as a liminal space between worlds provides a geographical metaphor through which experiences at the boundary of life and death are understood.
Medical Fact
The term "pandemic" was first used by Galen of Pergamon in the 2nd century CE to describe widespread disease.
Miraculous Accounts and Divine Intervention in Slovenia
Slovenia's miracle traditions are anchored in its Catholic heritage, particularly the pilgrimage site at Brezje, home to the Basilica of the Virgin Mary (Bazilika Marije Pomagaj), Slovenia's national Marian shrine. The painting of Mary Help of Christians at Brezje, dating to 1300, has been associated with healing claims and answered prayers for centuries, and the shrine draws hundreds of thousands of pilgrims annually. Slovenian folk healing traditions combine Catholic devotion with herbal medicine knowledge developed in the Alpine and karst environments, and village healers ("coprnice" or "zdravilke") practiced well into the modern era. The tradition of votive offerings at wayside shrines and chapels throughout the Slovenian landscape documents centuries of claimed divine interventions in health and daily life.
The History of Grief, Loss & Finding Peace in Medicine
High school sports injuries near Prešeren Square, Ljubljana create a community investment in healing that extends far beyond the patient. When the starting quarterback tears an ACL, the whole town follows his recovery—from the orthopedic surgeon's office to the physical therapy clinic to the first practice back. This communal attention isn't pressure; it's support. The Midwest heals its athletes the way it raises its barns: together.
Spring in the Midwest near Prešeren Square, Ljubljana carries a healing power that winter's survivors understand viscerally. The first warm day, the first green shoot, the first robin—these aren't metaphors for recovery. They're the recovery itself, experienced at a physiological level by people whose bodies have endured months of cold and darkness. The Midwest physician who says 'hang on until spring' is prescribing the most effective antidepressant the region produces.
Medical Fact
Hope — the belief that things can get better — has been shown to activate the brain's reward circuitry and reduce pain perception.
Open Questions in Faith and Medicine
The Midwest's tradition of pastoral care visits near Prešeren Square, Ljubljana—the pastor who appears at the hospital within an hour of learning that a congregant has been admitted—creates a spiritual rapid response system that parallels the medical one. The patient who wakes from anesthesia to find their pastor praying at the bedside receives a message more powerful than any medication: you are not alone, and your community has not forgotten you.
Lutheran hospital traditions near Prešeren Square, Ljubljana carry Martin Luther's insistence that caring for the sick is not a work of merit but a response to grace. This theological framework produces a medical culture that values humility over heroism—the Lutheran physician doesn't heal to earn divine favor; they heal because they've already received it. The result is a quiet, persistent compassion that doesn't seek recognition.
Ghost Stories and the Supernatural Near Prešeren Square, Ljubljana
Farm accident ghosts—a uniquely Midwestern category—haunt rural hospitals near Prešeren Square, Ljubljana with a workmanlike persistence. These spirits of farmers killed by combines, PTOs, and grain augers appear in overalls and work boots, checking on fellow farmers who arrive in emergency departments with similar injuries. They don't try to communicate; they simply stand watch, one worker looking out for another.
The Midwest's tradition of barn medicine—veterinarians and farmers treating each other's injuries alongside livestock ailments near Prešeren Square, Ljubljana—produced a pragmatic approach to healing that persists in rural hospitals. The ghost of the farmer who set his own broken leg with fence wire and baling twine is a Midwest archetype: a spirit that embodies self-reliance so deeply that even death doesn't diminish its competence.
Faith and Medicine
The practice of "prayer rounds" — organized periods during which healthcare staff pause to pray for patients — has been adopted by some faith-based hospitals and healthcare systems as a complement to traditional medical rounds. Research on prayer rounds is limited, but anecdotal reports from institutions that practice them describe improvements in team cohesion, staff morale, and patient satisfaction. Some staff members report that prayer rounds change how they approach their work, increasing their attentiveness and compassion.
Dr. Kolbaba's "Physicians' Untold Stories" does not specifically address prayer rounds as an institutional practice, but the individual accounts of physician prayer that it documents suggest that the benefits of prayer in healthcare may extend beyond the patient to encompass the entire care team. For healthcare administrators in Prešeren Square, Ljubljana who are considering implementing prayer rounds or similar practices, the book provides a rationale grounded in physician experience: that prayer, integrated into the practice of medicine with integrity and respect for diversity, can enhance not only patient care but the professional and spiritual lives of the healthcare providers who participate.
For patients in Prešeren Square who draw strength from their faith during illness, Physicians' Untold Stories offers powerful validation. These are not stories from clergy or theologians — they are accounts from the physicians themselves, doctors who watched prayer change outcomes they had already declared hopeless.
The validation is particularly important for patients who have felt dismissed by the medical system for expressing spiritual beliefs. Research published in the Journal of General Internal Medicine found that while 83% of Americans want their physicians to ask about spiritual beliefs during a serious illness, only 10-15% of physicians routinely do so. This gap between patient need and physician practice leaves many patients in Prešeren Square feeling that their faith — which may be the most important source of strength they have — is irrelevant to their medical team.
The relationship between religious practice and health outcomes has been studied extensively by Harold Koenig and his colleagues at Duke University's Center for Spirituality, Theology and Health. Their research, spanning over three decades and more than 500 publications, has consistently found that religious involvement is associated with better physical and mental health outcomes. Regular religious attenders have lower rates of cardiovascular disease, hypertension, depression, and mortality. They report higher quality of life, greater social support, and more effective coping with serious illness.
Dr. Scott Kolbaba's "Physicians' Untold Stories" brings this epidemiological evidence to life by presenting individual cases that illustrate what Koenig's statistics describe in aggregate. Where Koenig shows that religious practice is associated with better outcomes in large populations, Kolbaba shows what this association looks like in the life of a single patient — a patient whose faith sustained them through a health crisis that medicine alone could not resolve. For readers in Prešeren Square, Ljubljana, the combination of Koenig's data and Kolbaba's stories creates a compelling, multidimensional portrait of the faith-health connection.
The concept of "spiritual resilience" — the ability to maintain spiritual wellbeing and draw strength from one's faith in the face of adversity — has emerged as a significant predictor of health outcomes in the psychology of religion literature. Research by Kenneth Pargament, Annette Mahoney, and others has shown that spiritually resilient individuals — those who maintain a secure, supportive relationship with God and their faith community during times of stress — experience less psychological distress, better quality of life, and, in some studies, better physical health outcomes than those whose spiritual resources are depleted by adversity.
Dr. Kolbaba's "Physicians' Untold Stories" provides clinical illustrations of spiritual resilience in action. Many of the patients whose remarkable recoveries are documented in the book exhibited precisely the qualities that the research literature identifies as components of spiritual resilience: a trusting relationship with God, active engagement with a faith community, the ability to find meaning in suffering, and the capacity to maintain hope even in the most desperate circumstances. For psychologists and chaplains in Prešeren Square, Ljubljana, these cases suggest that cultivating spiritual resilience may be one of the most important contributions that faith communities make to their members' health — and that healthcare providers who support this resilience may be engaging in a powerful form of preventive medicine.
The Duke University Center for Spirituality, Theology and Health, directed by Harold Koenig, has served as the intellectual center of the religion-and-health research movement since its founding. The Center's work has established several key findings that have shaped the field. First, religious involvement is associated with better health outcomes across a wide range of conditions, with effect sizes comparable to those of well-established health behaviors like exercise and smoking cessation. Second, this association is not fully explained by social support, health behaviors, or other confounding variables — suggesting that religion may influence health through unique mechanisms. Third, the relationship between religion and health is strongest for measures of religious involvement that capture genuine engagement (frequency of prayer, intrinsic religiosity) rather than mere identification (denominational affiliation, nominal belief).
Koenig's work has also identified important caveats. The health benefits of religion are concentrated among individuals who use positive religious coping strategies — those who view God as a source of comfort and support rather than as a punishing judge. Negative religious coping is associated with worse health outcomes. This nuance is reflected in Dr. Kolbaba's "Physicians' Untold Stories," which presents patients whose faith was a source of strength and healing without ignoring the complexity of the faith experience. For clinicians and researchers in Prešeren Square, Ljubljana, the Duke Center's work provides the evidentiary foundation that makes Kolbaba's clinical accounts scientifically credible — and Kolbaba's accounts provide the clinical context that makes the Duke Center's findings humanly meaningful.
Comfort, Hope & Healing
The philosophical tradition of pragmatism—particularly William James's concept of "the will to believe"—provides an intellectual framework for understanding how "Physicians' Untold Stories" can legitimately comfort readers who are uncertain about the metaphysical implications of the accounts it contains. James argued in his 1896 essay that when evidence is insufficient to determine the truth of a meaningful proposition, and when the choice between belief and non-belief has significant consequences for the individual's well-being, it is rationally permissible—even advisable—to adopt the belief that best serves one's life and values.
For the bereaved in Prešeren Square, Ljubljana, the question of whether death is final is precisely such a proposition: the evidence is insufficient for certainty in either direction, and the answer profoundly affects one's capacity for hope and healing. "Physicians' Untold Stories" does not argue for belief in an afterlife, but it provides evidence—physician-witnessed, clinically documented—that tilts the balance toward possibility. For readers who are willing to exercise James's "will to believe" in the face of ambiguity, Dr. Kolbaba's accounts offer rational grounds for hope—not certainty, but reasonable hope, which is often all that the grieving heart requires to begin the long work of healing.
The role of wonder in psychological well-being has been explored by researchers including Dacher Keltner, Jonathan Haidt, and Michelle Shiota, whose work on the emotion of awe has established its unique psychological profile. Awe, they find, is distinct from other positive emotions in its association with self-transcendence—the sense of being connected to something larger than oneself—and with a specific cognitive process: the revision of mental schemas to accommodate information that does not fit existing frameworks. This "accommodation" process is what distinguishes awe from mere surprise; awe requires the mind to expand its understanding of what is possible.
"Physicians' Untold Stories" is, by design, an awe-generating text. Dr. Kolbaba's accounts present events that do not fit the existing schemas of most readers—events that require mental accommodation and, in the process, expand the reader's sense of what is possible. For people in Prešeren Square, Ljubljana, who are grieving, this expansion is particularly therapeutic. Grief narrows the world; awe expands it. The extraordinary accounts in this book invite grieving readers to consider possibilities they may have dismissed—that consciousness persists, that love endures, that the universe contains more than the material—and in doing so, to experience the emotional and cognitive opening that the psychology of awe predicts.
The neuroscience of storytelling provides biological validation for the therapeutic effects of "Physicians' Untold Stories." Functional MRI research by Uri Hasson at Princeton has demonstrated that when a listener hears a well-told story, their brain activity begins to mirror the storyteller's—a phenomenon called "neural coupling" that involves simultaneous activation of language processing, sensory, motor, and emotional regions. This neural coupling is associated with enhanced understanding, empathy, and emotional resonance. Additionally, Paul Zak's research on oxytocin has shown that narratives with emotional arcs trigger oxytocin release, promoting feelings of trust, connection, and compassion.
For grieving readers in Prešeren Square, Ljubljana, these neuroscience findings suggest that reading Dr. Kolbaba's accounts produces genuine physiological effects—not merely subjective impressions of comfort but measurable changes in brain activity and neurochemistry. When a reader encounters an account of a dying patient's peaceful vision and feels moved, their brain is literally synchronizing with the narrative, releasing neurochemicals associated with social bonding and trust. The comfort of these stories is not imagined; it is neurobiologically real. This scientific grounding makes "Physicians' Untold Stories" a particularly compelling resource for readers in Prešeren Square who are skeptical of purely emotional or spiritual approaches to grief.
The empirical study of near-death experiences (NDEs) has produced a body of peer-reviewed research that provides scientific context for many accounts in "Physicians' Untold Stories." Dr. Pim van Lommel's prospective study, published in The Lancet in 2001, followed 344 cardiac arrest survivors in Dutch hospitals and found that 18 percent reported NDEs—a figure consistent with other prospective studies. Van Lommel's study was notable for its rigorous methodology: patients were interviewed within days of resuscitation using standardized instruments, and follow-up assessments at 2 and 8 years documented lasting life changes among NDE experiencers, including increased empathy, reduced fear of death, and enhanced spiritual sensitivity.
Dr. Sam Parnia's AWARE (AWAreness during REsuscitation) study, published in Resuscitation in 2014, took a different approach: placing hidden visual targets in hospital rooms where cardiac arrests might occur, then testing whether cardiac arrest survivors who reported out-of-body experiences could identify these targets. While the sample of verified out-of-body experiences was too small for definitive conclusions, the study demonstrated that conscious awareness can persist during periods of cardiac arrest when brain function is severely compromised—a finding that challenges materialist models of consciousness. For readers in Prešeren Square, Ljubljana, these studies provide an empirical foundation for the extraordinary accounts in "Physicians' Untold Stories." Dr. Kolbaba's narratives are not isolated stories but data points in a growing body of evidence that the boundary between life and death may be more complex than conventional medicine assumes—evidence that offers the bereaved legitimate grounds for hope.
The theoretical framework of Terror Management Theory (TMT), developed by Greenberg, Pyszczynski, and Solomon based on the cultural anthropology of Ernest Becker, provides a provocative context for understanding the psychological impact of "Physicians' Untold Stories." TMT posits that awareness of mortality is the fundamental anxiety of human existence, and that culture, self-esteem, and meaning systems function as psychological buffers against death anxiety. When these buffers are disrupted—as they are in bereavement—death anxiety surfaces, producing defensive reactions that can impair psychological functioning and interpersonal relationships.
Research testing TMT predictions has been published in hundreds of studies across journals including Psychological Review, the Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, and Psychological Science. The data consistently show that reminders of mortality (mortality salience) increase adherence to cultural worldviews, boost self-esteem striving, and intensify in-group favoritism—defensive reactions that can be either adaptive or maladaptive. "Physicians' Untold Stories" offers an alternative response to mortality salience. Rather than triggering defensive reactions, Dr. Kolbaba's accounts of the extraordinary at the boundary of death may reduce death anxiety directly by suggesting that death is not absolute annihilation but a transition accompanied by meaningful experiences. For bereaved readers in Prešeren Square, Ljubljana, whose mortality salience is elevated by their loss, these accounts may function as a form of anxiety reduction that operates not through denial but through the expansion of what the reader considers possible.
Where Faith and Medicine Meets Faith and Medicine
The concept of "thin places" — locations or moments where the boundary between the physical and the spiritual seems especially permeable — is found across multiple faith traditions, from Celtic Christianity to Japanese Shinto to Australian Aboriginal Dreamtime. While the concept is inherently spiritual rather than scientific, the accounts in "Physicians' Untold Stories" suggest that hospital rooms, ICU bedsides, and surgical suites can become thin places — spaces where the intensity of human suffering and hope creates conditions in which the spiritual dimension of experience becomes palpable and, according to the physicians in Kolbaba's book, potentially influential on physical outcomes.
For anthropologists of religion and medical humanities scholars in Prešeren Square, Ljubljana, the concept of thin places offers a cross-cultural framework for understanding the experiences that Kolbaba's physicians describe — moments when the boundary between medical science and spiritual mystery became permeable, when the clinical environment was transformed by the presence of something beyond what medical training could account for. The book's documentation of these moments contributes to a cross-cultural understanding of healing that transcends the limitations of any single tradition or disciplinary framework.
A meta-analysis of 17 randomized controlled trials examining intercessory prayer found a small but statistically significant positive effect on health outcomes. While methodological challenges remain, the findings suggest that the relationship between faith and healing deserves serious scientific attention — not dismissal.
The meta-analysis, which included over 7,000 patients across multiple medical settings, found that prayer was associated with reduced complication rates, shorter hospital stays, and improved subjective well-being. The effect sizes were small — comparable to the effect sizes seen in many widely prescribed medications — but they were consistent across studies and statistically significant. For the research community in Prešeren Square and beyond, these findings do not prove that God answers prayer; they prove that the question deserves continued investigation with the same rigor applied to any other clinical intervention.
The concept of "relational spirituality" — developed by researchers including Annette Mahoney and Kenneth Pargament — emphasizes that for many people, spiritual experience is not primarily about individual belief but about relationships: relationships with God, with faith communities, with family members, and with the sacred dimension of everyday life. This relational understanding of spirituality has important implications for the faith-medicine connection, because it suggests that the health effects of religious practice may be mediated primarily through relationships rather than through individual psychological processes.
Dr. Kolbaba's "Physicians' Untold Stories" is rich with examples of relational spirituality in the context of healing. The patients whose recoveries are documented in the book were embedded in webs of relationship — with physicians who prayed for them, with families who held vigil, with congregations who interceded, and with a God they experienced as personally present. For researchers in relational psychology and social neuroscience in Prešeren Square, Ljubljana, these cases suggest that the healing power of faith may be inseparable from the healing power of relationship — and that understanding the biological mechanisms of social bonding and attachment may be key to understanding how faith contributes to physical healing.
How This Book Can Help You
County medical society meetings near Prešeren Square, Ljubljana that discuss this book will find it generates the kind of collegial conversation that these societies were founded to promote. When physicians share their extraordinary experiences with peers who understand the professional stakes of such disclosure, the conversation achieves a depth and honesty that no other forum permits. This book is an invitation to that conversation.
About the Author
Dr. Scott J. Kolbaba, MD is an internist at Northwestern Medicine. Mayo Clinic trained, he spent three years interviewing 200+ physicians about their most extraordinary experiences.
Medical Fact
Deep breathing exercises have been shown to lower blood pressure by 10-15 mmHg in hypertensive patients within minutes.
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